Fluid pressure valve



Aug- 27, 1935. .1. P. ANDERSON FLUID PRESSURE VALVE Filed April 19, 19532 Sheets-Sheet l r I irri.

/II j i HINS F N www W Aug. 27, 1935. J. P. ANDERSON FLUID PRESSUREVALVE Filed April 19, 1.935

Patented Aug. 27, 1935 Industrial Car and Equipment Company. f

Y Y Koppel, Paga. corporation of Pennsylvania Y Application April 19,1933. serial No. 666,808'

9 Claims.I (01."303-50) The invention relates to viiuid pressureoperated dump cars and more particularlyto the valve for controllingdistribution of fluid pressure to the body tilting mechanism.

An object of the invention is the lprovision of a valve forautomatiecontrol of the admission and exhausting of iiuid pressure toand from the body tilting cylinders of a railway dump car.

" Another object of the invention is the provision of an automatic valvehavingva fluid pressure supply chamber, a distribution chamber, `anexhaust `chamber and a piston within'said valve for selectivelyconnecting the distributionw'chamber to but one of the other chambers atany one time. [L

A further object ofthe invention 'isthe provisionin sucha valve of meansfor preventing fluidl pressure from leaking 'past' the valve'andbuilding up in the bodyltilting mechanism, thereby accidentallyoperating vvthe mechanism.

These and other objects willbecom'e 'apparent to those skilled in theart from the accompany-fy ing specification, in the drawings of whichFig. 1`

. shows a longitudinal cross section of thel Vvalve and its containedpiston in the normal orfexhaust position; Fig. 2 shows in, section theLvalve of Fig'. 1 with its contained pistoniinIposition to cutoi. theexhaust chambers and open the supply chamber to admit fluid pressure tothe ,distribution chamber; Fig.' 3 shows a sideelevationof the ofFig.2.v v' Referring now in detail to the drawings where like referencecharacters referto likepartsthe valve comprisesfan outer casing. or bodywhich' is made in three parts, the intermediate. portion I, and endportions 2 and 3. The portions. Zand v 3 are connected to theintermediate portionlfbyremovable Vstud and machine bolts for a purposewhich will hereinafter Vbecome. apparent. AThe intermediate body'portion l is 4comprised of a distribution chamber `Jl, an exhaustchamber'S,

and an operating chamber 6. :The body portion the-exhaust and operatingchambers.` A .wall l2.

2 forms the supply ,Chamber 'l andthefbodyportion 3 completestheoperating, chamber 6.1 A wall 8 having a port 9 separates the supply'and distribution chambers. A wallr l0 havingl a port II separates thedistribution and' exhaust chambers. There VisY preferably no wallseparating closes the lower end of thevoperating chamber 6 and has `a.pgrt 'l3therein. t, Thebody portitni1 I3` provides, anauxiliarylcharnberflll for supplying fluid pressure to the operatingchamber and acts as a general drain forrwater in thepvalve;

Formed in the outer walls ofthe valve bodyare outlets forconnectingwthevarious portions of them'echanism in which the ,valve isused. 'It

will be understoodthat thevalve is adapted' to many other uses 'than incontrolling fluidy press ure inthe body tilting mechanism ofv a railwaydump car as herein'described; Whenused'in'a. f

dump car the supplyf chamber has 'an inlet I Sjfon connection to areservoir. in which fluid' under pressure is stored.Itwilljbeunderstoodthat the f term fluid is here applied 'to air as thismedium is the most plentiful'and in regular use forv other purposes on arailway car. `outlet l 6. connects the distribution .chamber to themechanism tbe actuated by. .thelfl'uid pressure.. In thecase vof `arailway dump carthis isthejbody tilting cylinders'. The k.exhaustchamber hasantoutlet; Il'to the atmosphere V'and the auxiliary operatingchamber i4 has aninlet lfioradmissionoffluid f pressure to operate thevalve. An Operating'r line is usuallyconnected to thevinlet l'8 and; thenow 'of iiuid pressure therein is controlled by any suitev able lvalvelwhich .willi selectively admit 4and ex!- haust,the'fluidtherefrom. l

1 MountedA within' .the valve. is a vinsranta1 ,pis-- ton for vcontrolling `the flow )l ofv jfluid pressure t'l'lerein,A This v,pistoncomprises a klarge head i9 s'ea'te'd in the operating chainber 6, and asmall head207seated V`within. the supply chamber 1.

These heads |9wand-20lare connected byapistonV stein 2 lv and arerigidly secured to -the'stem i For,

the purpose of .guidinglthe pistongfguidesZZ are4 l formed in the"supplychamber 12 andi are lengaged yby suitable openings in theheadill;` "'Toinsure a' rquick action of the piston'finonedirectionandto rpreve'zntl the pistonirom sticking,"a spring 23 underinitial compression V4is. placed *between` the; end ofthe 'pistonlstem2|'and the Wall of l the supplychar'nber.;A This springfseats on thehead -2ll andthe seat 24 formed upon Athe inner wall of theSupplyahamber. o i lAs'jit isldesirable', invalvesjus'ed for the'pur--poseherei'n described. tolinfsure'wtheclosingmof the exhaust outletbefore admittinginuid presportVA between.V the supply.. andvdistribi'itin cham"-y bers before V-opening the rexhaust chamber port toyprevent Vloss vof the uid pressure; I havejjprovided valve discsadjacent eacliheadof the pistJ n.

Adjacent the large head ,il Sis provided a'jvalve` l disc 2,5 Siidabiympuntedupon the pistonppeip l21;`

This valve discfZE is ,freely movablejupon then ster'ntZ l; and islimited in one'directionbyV .anfan-,

-sure to the distribution chamber `andtrcloseftheV vnular shoulder26,on1thje stem' and in 'thev other direction. by the [head 1 !9, l.AQspring 21penfcirf` cls th'e'stem and 'embraces the head1 9'and`valvedisc 25 so as'to normally hold the valve disc 25 spaced from the headand against the shoulder 26. This valve disc is'small enough to be freeof engagement with the walls of the exhaust and operating chambers andtoo large to pass through the port II. The annular shoulder 26 on the.`piston stem can, however,' pass freely through the port" I I.

.Adjacent the small head 205 and upon the. piston .stemlis a=valvefldisc 28. VThis valve disc is freely movable upon the stem 2| andis restricted in movement between the head 20 and an annular shoulder 29on the stem. The valve disc 2.8v is confined in the supply chamber 'Iand normally assists the small head in closing. theport 9'..

vThe function of the valve; discs=25 an'd128, as previously described,is to control' theopening and closing of the ports 9 and .LIwhilepermitting limited independent movement of'the piston.

For this purpose the shoulders 26 and/29 are.`

shoulderr 26 passes 'from'.the exhaust chamber 5'l and .the valvegrdiscse'a'ts' against ythe wall I closingthep'ort VI.: :Duringgpthis'upwardmovement of'lthe piston theih'eadZp" moves away'from the Valve" disc'28Lbut"the valvei's held in position by the fluidi pressure withinltheisupplyjchamber 1, therejlbjeingno pressureagainst the ,undersideY`of thelzvalye. disciI 8f theY exhaust chamber' p ort has-beenj.openlduring' the'major'portion of this l movement., fw ,p 4 y,Thusitwilli be seen .that duringthe up stroke rlod" of time' when'. theport lili-,is closedy bythe cpo ' 225 and .Cf@rnpressing` ,the spring231 valve disc.25 closes. the port IIA the valve disc 28rv is-lifted byashoul'd'er vZS-Vand` the head lfholds.

valve.. disc 25 and' theport Sfwill be closed bytheY valve disc 28'. Theshoulder 29 thereafter en-v gaging withthe valvejdisc 128, raises'it.free ofV thejp'ortgl' permittingthe .free flow: of theguid pressure inthe chamber 4 through the .outlet IIS;v Until thel piston reaches Iits.uppermost position thespringz'lis isuiiraient-tof hol'dthe valve disci25 in position las; the' fluid'fpressurei within the chamber 4 isAlargelydissipated" through-thek out-A le't'II to the" actuatedvmechanisrrr. Upon .reach-l ina .the .limiucrtheupstroke f the pistonthe. headglil engages with.the"valv disc as shown` in Eig. 21 'and`holds' they var lvle` disc againstl thegfull' pressure. ifn'theV chamberMoy reasonr of the: greater pressure on;theiundelrs'idegof` the largehead", I9; The. complete cycle' 'of' operation, of the valve i'sas..follows: 'with' the. valve.. mechanism-in posi;

tion. as shown. in Fig, .l' fluid pressure is admitted' Y through theinlet 'I'iiv intoV theA auxiliary chamber.

" I4. where it passes ythrough the port' andbuilds up in the. chambers 6and I4 untilfthe pressure upon the head I9 overcomesV the pressure ofthe huid. and spring` inthe chamber 'I and vraises the piston, the smallhead moving within the guides After the the valve 2'5 against. 'uidpressure moving from the reservoir throughthevinlet. I into the supplychamber .1',thenc'e throughthe port 9i,k the distribution chamber 4" andthe outlet @I6 to the body tilting cylinder; VThe piston will remain.in. this positionA sc ,long as. the pressure within the auxiliarychamber'. l4.is. maintainedl Upon re.-

duction of the pressure in the operating chamber 6 and auxiliary chamberI4, the huid pressure on the head 28 and the valve disc 28 plus the gpressure of the springs 23 and 21 causes the piston to snap downward,first closing the port 9 by the disc 28 and cutting oif pressure fromthe reservoir to the chamber 1 and with the continued downward movementAof the piston the shoulder. 26 engages with lthel valve- 25 openingthefport II to permit thefluidpressure' in the tilting cylinders toexhaust through the chamber uand outlet I'I to the atmosphere. In thispositionthehead 2Il'is seated upon disc 28.

' It' willbe obvious that with the piston in normal loweredpositionfluid" pressure leaking past the valvedisc 28Jintothe distributionchamber will vpass'through the port II into the exhaust chamberandthence` tothe atmosphere through out- `let II, and not build upwithin the body tilting cylinders.

IEIavingthus.v described .the invention.. what I clain' aslnew'anddesirefto secureby. Letters Pat.- entfi's.;

l."1'n a valve' of the. charactendescribed, in-

combination, .a seriesL ofl'c'hambers spaced. by I walls,.portsih thewalls,a.' piston...having...heads inl spaced"V chambers. andceiinected;yby aV piston stem,lva-lv e ydiscs on the stemadjacentleach.headQff.,thepiston and movable; relative4 theretml va spring,spacing` onedisc from its. lrespective head.

'- anda spring, resistingmovemento the piston. in.

one direction. ,7" I

' 2i `In ajvalvenof the'..character described, in ccanl'qination, a4vsupply chairmen.. a. distribu`ti'on chamben'anden operating chamber,ports conf nectingsaid chambersafpistonhaving, heads. in the supply andoperating chambers. and actuated.

by fluid. pressure. therein.. av valve disc.` bnl-,he stern. of.' sai'dpiston adjacent' onehead and withinthe.

supply chamber, said'.` Vdisch `being movable rrelative to saidfhead'ahdactihg,.-through fluid' pressure. in 'the 'supply chamber;` to closethe port, between'the supply andi distribution Ychambers.independentlyof` thepist'on.. and'r meanson the' piston Vfstem. moving,v the discagainst',uidlpressurejto. open the port closed bythe' disc. j i

1 3'. In'a. valve of'l the character described'a series of port,connected' chambers., an opening in the valve` casing connecting, withYeach chamber,

a' piston having. heads inr spa'bedchambers of.' said series andmeanso'nthe piston providing alternate connection chene .of said spaced.chambers with'` an*l intermediate. chamber as the piston movesduring'operation ofthe. valve... "L4.A valve. comprising. a body portionhaving a plurality'fof port connected chambers,.a. piston having heads'lying, in spacedchambers connected by astem extending through the ports,oneof the pistoriheadcontaihing chambers having a. con` nectiongto a'constant sourceof `huid. under. pres-v sure, the other'of said pistonhead"containing. Chambers ihavi'ngia connection ,toa source of' fluidpressureselfectively applied'. to the chamber. a.

chamber disposed intermediate said. headcon taining, jchambers ,ysaid."4 intermediate chamber. having Aa1'n.'connect'i'on lto amechanism. actuated by uid" pressure. fromA thefi'rstrna'rnedV chamber,sai'd'piston wheriactuated. by uidpressure` acting toalternately connect-said intermediate. cham--V ber. with'.-the piston. headcontaining.chambers. 5"..1'n a valve ofthe character described, in-V cluding,` avallve. bodyhavi'ng a plurality of. port. connected, chambers., a.piston vstem disposed in each Ofsaid; chambers, heads of. diiferent.sizes disposed. on oppositeendsof the piston stem.,.the

piston having` a stem extending through the ports n chamber containingthe smaller head being connected to a constantsource of iluid under`pressure, the chamber containing the larger head being selectivelyconnected to a source of fluid under pressure, a chamber disposedbetween said head containing chambers and having a conneci tion to afluid pressure actuatedmechanism energized by fluid pressure from thesmaller head` containing chamber, guides disposed in the smaller headcontaining chamber andengaging apertures in the smaller piston head, anda compression spring disposed between lsaid guides and engaging thepiston head.

6. In a valve of the characterdescribed, a valve body having a pluralityof port connected chambers, a piston within the valve body having anintegral stem and heads of different sizes at opposite ends thereofdisposed in spaced chambers, a. shoulder on the piston stem adjacenteach head and spaced therefrom, a valve disc within each piston headcontaining chamber and slidably` mounted on the piston stem between eachof said shoulders and the adjacent head, a compression spring betweenthe larger piston head and ad i jacent valve disc, the chambervcontaining the smaller head being connected to a constant source offluid under pressure, the chamber containing s the larger headbeing'selectively connected to a source of fluid under pressure, anintermediate vto a fluid pressure actuated mechanism, a chamfv ber onopposite `sides of the first-named cham- Y ber, ports connecting thechambers, a differential and its end portionsdisposed in the spacedchambers, a small piston head connected to one end of saidstem, a largepiston head connectedto 'the opposite end of said stem, each ofsaidheads being contained `within said spacedfchambers, valve discsslidably mounted on said stem adjacent each head and within therespective'cl'iambers, shoulders on said stem between saidheadslimiting, movement of said discs, a compression spring .between thelarger,` head and adjacent valve disc and of sufficient stiffness toovercome pressure on the disc from said intermediate chamber.

to a fluid pressure actuated'mechanism, a chamber on opposite sides ofthe first-named chamber,v :ports connecting the chambers, a differentialpiston havingheads moving in said spaced chambers and a connecting stemextending through said intermediate chamber and ports, shoulders on thestem spaced from the respective heads,

valve discs slidably mounted on the stem fand within saidspacedfchambers, openings insaid spaced chambers connecting to sourcesof fluid under pressure, said fluid pressure actuating said .piston bydifferences in pressure against said heads, and` saidrvalve discs actingtok close the port in'their respective chambers independently ofmovement of the piston until engaged by said shoulder which thereafterpmoves the discs with thepiston. w

9. In a valve of the character described, a series of port connectedchambers, a piston having heads inthe end chambersof said series and ac`tuated by fluid pressure, a stem connecting said Y heads and disposed insaid ports, valve discs movably mountedv on said stein and seatingagainst said ports, and shoulders on saidffstem for alter-` nateengagement with said valve discs."

8. In avalve ofthe character described,a body comprising an intermediate.chamber connecte-d lo "I JOHN P. ANDERSON. i

